Different characteristics are preferred in different climates and geographic areas, for example. The landrace breed improved carcase quality in the early years of its introduction into australia, mainly because of the large size of their eye muscle. Apologies if we are missing information on a specific breed. Describe the important characteristics of your breed of swine. Actually a pig breed is a type of pig that has a given set of biological and physical characteristics. Describe the identifying characteristics and histories of the common swine breeds.
Swine it is believed that the majority of the breeds we now know are descended from the eurasian wild boar sus scrofa. The color pattern of this breed is similar to that of the hereford cattle breed, red with a white face. The hereford pig is a breed of domestic pig from united states. Name this black bodied pig that has six white points, including their nose, tail and feet. Name at least six breeds of swine raised in pennsylvania. Farmers hand book on pig production food and agriculture. Growth and carcass traits for pigs of four swine breeds.
Select the beef cattle breed you would like to know about from the list below. This aptlynamed breed originated in indiana and is popular with farmers and commercial swine producers for its ability to transmit its fastgaining, feed efficient, meat qualities to its. Schooley story in brief growth and carcass characteristics of 162 purebred and crossbred boars, 464 purebred and crossbred gilts. In bentheim germany, in the beginning of the 20th century, the pig breeds consisted of a large number of colored swine. If you have information on a breed not listed please contact us and we will aim to add that breed to the list. The full mitochondrial genomes of mangalica pig breeds and their possible origin article pdf available october 2017 with 93 reads how we measure reads. Carcase competitions in the late 1960s were regularly won by landrace pigs. Breeds of livestock swine breeds breeds of livestock. Knowing the different breeds and their characteristics is important in making decisions about which breed to use in breeding programs. Breeds developed from the breed have a wellbuilt body, with a coarse, thick, black colour coat with a dispersion of silvery white colour hairs on their sides. Factors affecting ruminant breed distribution 39 5. Major swine breeds duroc the thirdmost recorded breed of swine in the united states, berkshires are known for fast and efficient growth, reproductive efficiency, cleanness and meat flavor and value. Identify at least six breeds of hogs from their photos or from seeing live hogs. Major swine breeds include duroc, bershire, yorkshire, landrace, spotted, hampshire, poland china.
Their blood is being blended into the american landrace and gives a broader genetic base to the breed. Visit a fair or show and listen to the swine judge give reasons for. The berkjala, diani, kaman, koronadel and libtong breeds were all developed from this breed. Archaeological evidence from the middle east indicates domestication of the pig occurs as early as 9,000 years ago, with some evidence for domestication even earlier in china. Breeds of swine eight major breeds of swine produced in the us. A market hog operation raises hogs for slaughter, while a breeding operation raises hogs for replacements. Their body is of medium length and their face is of medium length and is. Duroc pig breed of pigs characteristics farming plan. Breeds of livestock american landrace swine breeds of.
Beef cattle were introduced to australia in 1788, with the first herds based on british breeds, particularly the shorthorn. The pioneer of the breed, joseph tuley, a weaver of keighly in yorkshire, exhibited a pair of pigs at the windsor royal show in 1851. Pdf the full mitochondrial genomes of mangalica pig. Duroc the duroc, a solid red, meat type animal is noted for their carcass characteristics and feed. The face is dish shaped skin is free from wrinkless ears are erect long neck, slightly arched back, long loins are other characteristics of this breed. Purebred yorkshire pigs, distinguished by their white coat color and erect ears. What are the most common breeds of swine used in the united states. These white hogs with droopy, mediumsized ears are known for their mothering ability, durability and soundness.
All pig breeds swine livestock of the world breeds. These breeds produce lean meat combined with efficient feed conversion 3 kg of good feed is needed to produce 1 kg of pork. Unit introduction to swine production lesson breeds of swine estimated time 90 minutes or 2 50minute blocks student outcome identify the major swine breeds and their significance in the industry. The breeds of swine discussed in this topic are chosen according to their popularity among the u. However, some breeds, like the potbelly pig, do not share these general pig characteristics.
Identify characteristics of the major swine breeds. The arch of back is much less pronounced than on most other breeds of. Large whites came into prominence in the 19th century. White breeds or maternal breeds are used for their reproductive abilities such as mothering ability, litter size, and milking ability. There are several breeds not mentioned because their influences on market operations are not as significant. In addition, the landrace was noted for its early, rapid growth, and its. The breed was created from a synthesis of duroc, poland china and perhaps some chester white or hampshire pig.
The main characteristics of this breed are its rusticity and to produce a meat with a high degree of fat infiltration. Crosses between native and exotic for improvement of local breeds. Exotic breeds the most common pig breeds for commercial pig production are the yorkshire, landrace, hampshire, duroc, and tibetan, tamworth and meishan breeds and their crosses. It is also called hereford hog, and it was named for its color and pattern. So we went through, and they had to color the individual breed and put specific markings on the breeds i. There are hundreds of breeds of the domestic pig sus scrofa domesticus. This breed was associated with the opening up of each new area of pastoral australia in the early days, and was especially dominant in northwestern queensland, the northern territory and the kimberley region of western australia. There are hundreds of different domestic pig breeds sus scrofa domesticus available throughout the world. Their characteristics are those of the constituent breeds. Micromini pigs or teacup pigs weigh 29 to 65 pounds, and are specially bred to be small. Growth and carcass traits for pigs of four swine breeds and their crosses e. Breeds of swine 5 s uccess in the swine industry depends partly on a broad knowledge of the breeds of hogs used in production. Maternal breeds chester white landrace yorkshire i.
The large white was one of the original breeds registered when the herd book was established in 1884. Bids are received and the animal or item for sale is sold to the person with the highest bid. In literature, there exist several slightly deviating definitions. I then had different bullet points for their main facts about the breed. The american landrace is a white hog of long body length, having sixteen or seventeen pairs of ribs. Human preferences for animal characteristics differ, too. There are so many different breeds of beef cattle and dairy cattle and swine for a variety of reasons. Producers also need to consider whether to use hybrid hogs in their operation. Breeds of swine macy vansickle bryan county oces youth development educator landrace originated in denmark large drooped ears known for their maternal instincts white long berkshire one of the oldest breeds, originated in england black with white legs, snout and switch known for fast and efficient growth and reproductive efficiency erect ears chester white originated in chester county. A breed is a specific group of domestic animals having homogeneous appearance, homogeneous behavior, andor other characteristics that distinguish it from other organisms of the same species. Landrace, hampshire, duroc, and tibetan, tamworth and meishan breeds and their. Organic pigs in the uk are housed outside throughout their lives, however some.
Breeds are formed through genetic isolation and either natural adaptation to the environment or selective breeding, or a combination of. The bacon is a lean type, should be an active hog and grown on pasture and a narrow protein ration. Most breeds have registry associations that record ancestry, define and document characteristics, and promote the breed. There are also several breeds available which are found in the wild. The main purpose of breed improvement is to introduce a positive characteristic. You can also selectchange the breed you are viewing using the dropdown list in the header above. Breeds photos and descriptions from ohio learning lab kits prelesson preparation identify the top breeds for each species utilized in us agriculture production and research what their distinguishing characteristics are, ex.
Many new composites and synthetics are being created. Pdf breeding and feeding pigs for organic production. Breeds of swine oklahoma state universitystillwater. The yorkshire breed is long bodied and large framed.
List of different pig breeds modern farming methods. Pig characteristics and traits understanding their. There are two types of swine the bacon and the lard types. The philippine native is now thought to be extinct. Dark breeds or terminal breeds are used for their production abilities such as meatiness, leanness, durability, growth rate, and feed efficiency. Knowledge of breed characteristics is important in many management. They usually weigh only 60 to 300 pounds, depending on what type of diet they are fed. The lard hog is, like the beef cattle, a round, fat animal. Name this white pig with long droopy ears and that is known for its mothering ability a. Breed noun a group of swine that look alike, share certain characteristics and pass those characteristics to. Therefore, arrives to use massively for the production of white pork, such as teruel ham, and for the production of iberian pork.